Alexander Hamilton: Life, Duel, and Lasting Legacy

Few figures in American history have as many layers as Alexander Hamilton. He helped build the nation’s financial system, co-wrote the majority of the Federalist Papers, and died in a duel with his political rival—all before turning 50. But behind the public achievements lies a story of personal scandal, a bitter rivalry, and a legacy that still sparks debate today. This article separates verified fact from lingering uncertainty, drawing on records from the National Archives, PBS, and the Library of Congress.

Born: January 11, 1755 (or 1757), Charlestown, Nevis ·
Died: July 12, 1804, New York City, NY (duel wounds) ·
Role: First U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1789–1795) ·
Major Achievement: Founded the U.S. financial system, Federalist Papers co-author

Quick snapshot

1Confirmed facts

• First U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (HISTORY)
• Died from a gunshot wound in a duel with Aaron Burr (Library of Congress)
• Had an affair with Maria Reynolds (1791–1792) (PBS American Experience)
• Co-wrote 51 of the 85 Federalist Papers (Encyclopaedia Britannica)

2What’s unclear

• Exact birth year: 1755 or 1757? (Encyclopaedia Britannica notes uncertainty)
• Why Eliza Hamilton did not attend her husband’s funeral (PBS offers possible
  

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About the author

George Edward Morgan Bennett

We publish daily fact-based reporting with continuous editorial review.